Overview of Hosea 12:2–14:8

Once again, and for the final time, a major movement of Hosea begins with a “charge” or “indictment” against Israel using the Hebrew word rib.¹ Using fresh arguments and illustrations, the prophet and his God attempt to get the point across to a recalcitrant audience that times are desperate and change is urgently needed. The metaphors of husband-wife and father-son are finished. To awaken the conscience of the people, chapter 12 recites various well-known and treasured episodes from sacred history. In chapter 13, the Lord reasons with his people. Part of the judgment had already fallen; will they be so stupid as not to act, when God has already shown them what he is willing to do? Death is in store for them if they fail to respond to his last appeal. But then—immediately after final death is assured—the mood once again abruptly shifts, and nothing but grace and forgiveness is promised (ch. 14). The book ends on this positive note as one last eloquent appeal is made to Ephraim to turn from idols and political treaties and to the living God.