C. Comparative Chronology of Hebrew Kingship

Appendix C: Comparative Chronology of Hebrew Kingship

The United Monarchy

The Dynasty of Saul

Saul (?–1011 B.C.)

Ish-Bosheth (1011–1009 B.C.)

The Dynasty of David

David (1011–971 B.C.)

Solomon (971–931 B.C.)

The Divided Monarchy

The Kings of Israel (Northern Kingdom)

King	Hayes and Hooker	Thiele	Bright	Cogan and Tadmor
Jeroboam	927–906	931–910	922–901	928–907
Nadab	905–904	910–909	901–900	907–906
Baasha	903–882 (880)	909–886	900–877	906–883
Elah	881–880	886–885	877–876	883–882
Zimri	7 days	885	876	882
Omri	879–869	885–874	876–869	882–871
Ahab	868–854	874–853	869–850	873–852
Ahaziah	853–852	853–852	850–849	852–851
Jehoram (Joram)	851–840	852–841	849–843/2	851–842
Jehu	839–822	841–814	843/2–815	842–814
Jehoahaz	821–805	814–798	815–802	817–800
Jehoash (Joash)	804–789	798–782	802–786	800–784
Jeroboam II	788–748	793–753	786–746	789–748
Zechariah	6 months	753–752	746–745	748–747
Shallum	1 month	752	745	747
Menahem	746–737	752–742	745–737	747–737
Pekahiah	736–735	742–740	737–736	737–735
Pekah	734–731	752–732	736–732	735–732
Hoshea	730–722	732–722	732–724	732–724

The Kings of Judah (Southern Kingdom)

King	Hayes and Hooker	Thiele	Bright	Cogan and Tadmor
Rehoboam	926–910	931–913	922–915	928–911
Abijah	909–907	913–911	915–913	911–908
Asa	906–878 (866)	911–870	913–873	908–867
Jehoshaphat	877–853	872–848	873–849	870–846
Jehoram	852–841	853–841	849–843	851–843
Ahaziah	840	841	843/842	843–842
Athaliah	839–833	841–835	842–837	842–836
Joash (Jehoash)	832–803 (793)	835–796	837–800	836–798
Amaziah	802–786 (774)	796–767	800–783	798–769
Azariah (Uzziah)	785–760 (734)	792–740	783–742	785–733
Jotham	759–744	750–732	750–735	758–743
Ahaz	743–728	735–716	735–715	743–727
Hezekiah	727–699	716–687	715–687/6	727–698
Manasseh	698–644	697–643	687/6–642	698–642
Amon	643–642	643–641	642–640	641–640
Josiah	641–610	641–609	640–609	639–609
Jehoahaz	3 months	609	609	609
Jehoiakim	608–598	609–598	609–598	608–598
Jehoiachin	3 months	598–597	598/7	597
Zedekiah	596–586	597–586	597–587	596–586

Chronologies for the Hebrew monarchies will vary between one and ten years, depending on the source consulted. The sources cited here are J. H. Hayes and P. K. Hooker, A New Chronology for the Kings of Israel and Judah (Atlanta: John Knox, 1988); E. R. Thiele, The Mysterious Numbers of the Hebrew Kings, rev. ed. (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1983); J. Bright, A History of Israel, 4th ed. (Louisville: Westminster John Knox, 2000); M. Cogan and H. Tadmore, Second Kings (AB 11; Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1988). The dates for the kings of the divided monarchies of Israel and Judah in this commentary are based on the work of E. R. Thiele (with minor variations).