A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | V | W | Y | Z
Aaron, 165
Abraham, 156, 251, 283, 288, 303
abuse, physical and psychological, 186–88, 237, 262–65
accountability, 194
agricultural societies, 21
aliens and laborers in, 275, 276
animals used in, 54–56
called to battle, 124–26, 128–29, 134–36
criminals in, 170–71
destruction and deprivation in, 54–56, 286–87
destruction by locusts, 42–43, 47, 96–97
link between farming and religion in, 61
rain in, 109–10
restoration of, 136–37
types of crops in, 48–50
Ahlström, G. W., 95
Alexander of Macedon, 207
Alexander the Great, 23
Amaziah, King, 150
animals
destruction of, 54–56
appearance of God, 76–79
Arminianism, 85
Ashdod, 23
Ashkelon, 23
Assyrians, 60–61, 118, 198, 289
breach of covenant by, 157
referring to selves as kings, 233–34
authority
modern acceptance of, 236–37
parental, 226–27
Baader-Meinhof group, 236
Babylonian Empire, the, 60–61, 118, 123, 147, 289
breach of covenant by, 157
exiles, 198
Benjamin, 197–98
blood theophanies, 101–2
Borowski, Oded, 50
Canaan, 127, 150, 151, 198, 199, 254
celebration and praise for God, 94–96
Chronicles of Narnia (Lewis), 77
chronological context
of Joel, 24–27
of Malachi, 207–10
of Obadiah, 146–48
churches, modern, 141–42
dependence on the state, 173–74
ethical relativism in, 193–94
minimal worship and, 278
and the political process, 279–80
secularization of, 237–38, 279–80
cloth
and clothing used in metaphor, 84–85
manufacturing, 271–72
communication in human relationships, 141–43
written, 165
communion, 307–8
communities, Christian, 88–89
composition of the book of Obadiah, 153
consequences, logical, 192–94
Copeland, Gloria, 290
Copeland, Kenneth, 290
covenants
admonition and, 243
breached by Israel, 157, 253–54, 282–83, 288
between God and priests, 223–24
love, 222–24
marriage, 255–56
and obedience to the law, 299–302
in the Old Testament, 247–48
relationships, 172–73
darkness and the Day of the Lord, 69–70, 77–78
Day of the Lord, the, 28–29, 30, 52–53, 69, 121, 211
and the appearance of God, 76
Edom and, 182–83
effect on nation, 135
nature of, 71–76
rituals and, 302–4
salvation and, 271
warnings concerning, 69–70
death and mourning, 46–47, 48, 50–51, 87–88
decision-making, ethical, 305–7
deontology, 306
destruction and deprivation
of agricultural societies, 54–56, 286–87
God’s promises regarding, 96–98
modern examples of, 64–66
disputes with God, 234
dissociative identity disorder, 278, 280
divorce
in the Bible, 142–43, 223, 254, 257–63
domestic violence and, 262–65
used metaphorically, 261
domestic violence, 259–60, 262–65
Dr. Seuss, 88
drunkards addressed in Joel, 43–46, 59
earthquake, 76
alcohol metaphor and, 190–91
defiance of, 220–21
enemies of, 169–72, 183–84, 196
intimidation of other nations by, 180–81
leadership in, 175–76
military advantages of, 164–65, 166
people and geography of, 149–52
prophetic messages to, 162–65
reasons for destruction of, 178–79
violence against Judah, 24, 25, 147–48, 179–84
education, formal and informal, 63–64
Egypt
animosity toward Judah, 24
invasion by Philistines, 151
plague of locusts in, 40–41
Ekron, 23
elders of Judah, 38–40
and the Messiah, 304–5, 308, 309
ministry of, 300–301
Elisha, 304
Ephraim, 197
Erikson, Erik, 187
Esau
God’s hatred of, 223
and Jacob, 150, 179–80, 185, 206, 219–20, 222, 227
the name, 192
ethical decision-making, 305–7
ethical relativism, 193–94
evil
depicted in literature, 77
of neighbors of Israel, 118–19
exile
as foreign policy, 195–202
of Israelites, 122–23, 127, 221–22
refugees and modern, 202–4
“eye for an eye,” 185
faith movement, 290–91
family relationships, 184–85, 191–92, 222–23
honoring in, 226
fasting, 51
festivals, 242
and burning chaff, 297
forgiveness and repentance, 139
Gath, 23
Gaza, 23
Geisel, Theodore, 88
geopolitical context
of Joel, 22–24
of Malachi, 206
gifts. See also sacrifices
of nature, 112–13
to rulers, 229–30
Gilead, 197–98
God
addresses neighbors of Israel, 119–23
appearance of, 76–79
blessings of, 98–99
celebration and praise for, 94–96
control over nature, 77–78, 112–13
covenant language of, 110–11
and the Day of the Lord, 28–29, 30, 52–53, 69–76, 121, 135, 182–83, 211, 304
demanding and refusing sacrifice, 235–36
disputing with, 234
dwelling on Zion, 135–36
as Father, 251–52
hope and, 21
immutability of, 86–87, 281–82, 287–88
Israel’s disputes with, 266–68, 293–95
justice of, 267–68
known through prayer, 139–41
love of, 218–20
monotheism and, 97–98
openness theology and, 85
oracles of, 216
people seeking, 269–70
plundering the treasure of, 121–22
promises of, 96–104, 108–9, 268–71, 286–87
prosperity and peace as gifts from, 111–12
referred to as Yahweh, 37–38, 57
remembering, 307–309
responds to his people, 92–94
self-identification with, 62
testing of Israel by, 285–86
tithes to, 284–85
as warrior, 166
grace, 157
grain offerings, 47
Great Commission, the, 305–6
Haggai, 210–11
Hagin, Kenneth, 290
Hagin, Kenneth, Jr., 290
Harry Potter, 77
hate, 222–23
Hickey, Marilyn, 290
Hill, Andrew E., 254
Hinn, Benny, 290
holy war, 124–26, 128–29, 131–32
honor
for family relationships, 226
between masters and slaves, 226–27
repentance and, 83–84
Horton Hears a Who (Dr. Seuss), 88
Hugenberger, Gordon P., 268
identification of prophets, 37, 56, 161, 216–17
immutability of God, 86–87, 281–82, 287–88
imperatival forms, 38
incest, 262
individualism, 88–89
integrity, 305–7
Islam, 131
Israel. See also Judah
breach of covenant by, 157, 253–54, 282–83, 288
curses on, 241–42
disputation against God, 266–68, 293–95
exile of Israelites and, 122–23, 127, 221–22
final dispute with God, 293–95
foreign domination of, 147
judgment of people of, 274–75
land and self-identity of, 126–28, 198
people included in, 148–49
powerless people of, 275–76
prehistory of, 219
priests of, 276–78
promises of God to, 286–87
restoration of, 103–4, 272, 274, 283–84, 288–89, 295–96, 301–2
rituals of, 302–3
slaves of, 100–101, 122, 128, 308
tested by God, 285–86
warnings to, 254
warnings to neighbors of, 116–26
and Esau, 150, 179–80, 185, 206, 219–20, 222, 227
God’s love of, 223
jealousy of God, 98, 104–5, 112
Jehoram, King, 150
Jehoshaphat, King, 150
Jeremiah, the book of, 153–55
Jerusalem, 129–30, 136, 199, 253
fall of, 190
sacrifices of, 273–74
Jesus Christ, 304–5
communion and, 307–8
Jezebel, 152
Joel, the book of
chronological context of, 24–27
covenant language in, 110–11
and the Day of the Lord, 28–29, 30, 52–53, 69–76, 76, 121, 135
drunkards addressed by, 43–46, 59
fasting addressed in, 51
geopolitical context of, 22–24
illustration of the link between farming and religion in, 61
and Joel the person, 22
as literary art, 27–28
meaning of “Joel” and, 57
military destruction addressed in, 48, 71–76, 105
mourning addressed in, 46–47, 48, 50–51, 87–88
outline of, 31
prescription and description structure in, 43–44
priests and producers addressed by, 46–51, 83–84
prophecies directed at other nations, 116–26
repentance addressed in, 80–86
revelation in, 107–9
ritual disruption in, 48, 55, 59–61
text of, 35–37, 68–69, 80, 90–91, 115–16, 133
theology in, 28–30
use of “Yahweh” in, 37–38
warnings to Judah in, 38–51, 66
wine and alcohol in, 43–46, 58–59
Zion in, 29–30
Joseph (husband of Mary), 261
Joshua (priest), 207
Judah. See also Israel
breach of covenant by, 157
elders of, 38–40
enemies of, 22–24, 25, 136–39, 147–48, 179–84
Jerusalem in, 199
love of God for, 221–22
prophecies of Joel directed at, 22–23
restoration of, 116–17, 157, 189–90, 289
sacrifices of, 273–74
slave traders of, 123–24
unfaithfulness of, 253
warnings to, 38–51
judgment of God, 274–75, 296–99
destruction and, 303–4
and the law, 299–302
repentance and, 301–2
justice
of God, 267–68
and responsibility, 156
Keller, C.-A., 43
kidnapping, 128. See also slaves
land and self-identity of Israel, 126–28
law, obedience to the, 267, 299–302
and remembering God, 307–9
leaders and leadership, 176–77, 233–34, 274
Lebanon, 199
restoration and purification of, 272–73
Lewis, C. S., 77
libation offerings, 47
literary context
of Malachi, 210–11
of Obadiah, 152–55
literature, modern, 77
locust plagues
crop destruction by, 42–43, 47, 96–97
entomology of words used in Joel to describe, 41–42
expulsion of and victory over, 94–96
lessons using examples of, 63–64
used metaphorically, 44–45, 72, 93–94, 105
looting and plundering, 169–70
Lord of the Rings (Tolkein), 77
love of God, 218–20
contemporary relationships and, 223–24
for Judah, 221–22
Malachi, the book of
chronological context of, 207–10
and the Day of the Lord, 271, 302–4
geographical context of, 206
literary context of, 210–11
and Malachi the person, 205–6, 215–16
outline of, 212
text of, 215, 218, 225, 240, 250, 266, 281, 292
as a covenant, 255–56
divorce and, 142–43, 223, 254, 257–63
mixed, 261–62
rightful, 255
used metaphorically, 253–54
megachurches, 141–42
Meier, S. A., 26
Mesopotamia, sacrifices in, 59–60
metaphors, 27
alcohol used in, 190–91
divorce used in, 261
locusts used in, 44–45, 72, 93–94, 105
marriage used in, 253–54
pain, 72–73
repentance, 81–82
sun used in, 297–98
Meyer, Joyce, 290
Milosevic, Slobodan, 194
mixed marriages, 261–62
modeling of behavior, 244–46, 248–49
monotheism, 97–98
Moses, 165, 215–16, 245, 300, 304
Mount of Transfiguration, 305
mourning, 46–47, 48, 50–51, 87–88
Muslims, 131
Nabonidus, 207
names
Naomi, 276
and covenants as treaties, 247–48
and exile as foreign policy, 195–202
and responsibility of nations, 193–94
nature, gifts of, 112–13
nature of the Day of the Lord, 71–76
Nebuchadnezzar, 147
Negev towns, 200
Obadiah, the book of
audience of, 148–49
chronological context of, 146–48
composition of, 153
and the Day of the Lord, 182–83
geopolitical context of, 145–46, 148
hope expressed in, 145
literary context of, 152–55
and Obadiah the person, 146
outline of, 158
parallels with other Old Testament books, 153–55
return of those exiled described in, 195–201
text of, 161, 169, 175, 178, 189, 195
theology in, 156–57
offerings, grain and libation, 47
Oklahoma City bombing, 65
On the Banks of Plum Creek (Wilder), 65
openness theology, 85
outpoured Spirit, 100–101, 105–7
outward versus inward repentance, 85–86
pain and suffering experienced by Christians, 113
parent/child relationships, 226–27, 237, 248–49
Passover, 308
Paul (Apostle), 107, 261, 262–63, 307
peace activists, 236
Persia, 209
personal pride, 167–68
Peterson, Eugene, 142
Philistines, 22–23, 25, 119–21
destruction of, 138
invasions by, 151
Phineas, 243–44
politics and modern churches, 279–80
pornography, 130
postmodernism, 268
powerless people, 275–76
prayer
God as responsive to, 91–92
knowing God through, 139–41
preachers as messengers of God, 217
prescription and description structure in Joel, 43–44
pride
personal, 167–68
priests
curses on, 241–42
failures of, 245–47
God’s covenants with, 243–44
impure, 276–78
of Israel, 276–78
marriage of, 261
and producers addressed by Joel, 46–51, 83–84
sacrifices brought by, 228–29, 232
warnings to, 241
promises of God
in blessing Judah, 300
to Israel, 96–104, 108–9, 268–71, 286–87
modern interpretations of, 290–91
prophets
on God’s promises to Israel, 97
identified as speakers for God, 37, 56, 161, 216–17, 268
oracles and, 215
people disregarding word of the, 267
responsibility of, 113–14
using earlier prophecies, 53, 82
visions of, 161–62
warnings issued by, 38–51
prosperity and peace
contemporary circumstances of, 66–67
as gifts from God, 111–12
of modern churches, 173–74
prostitution, 119
psychological abuse, 186–88
quietism, 204
rain in agricultural societies, 109–10
Rauschenbusch, W., 279
refugees, modern, 202–4
relationships
communication in, 141–43
family, 184–85, 191–92, 192–93, 222–23, 248–49
honor in, 226–27
love, 223–24
parent/child, 226–27, 237, 248–49
restoration of, 309
revenge in, 185
religious relativism, 268
repentance
forgiveness and, 139
metaphors, 81–82
outward versus inward, 85–86
restoration following, 295–96, 301–2
return and, 80–84, 283–84, 288–89
response of God to his people, 92–94
responsibility
and justice, 156
logical consequences and, 192–94
of nations, 193–94
personal, 192–93
prophetic, 113–14
revelation in the Old Testament, 107–9
revenge, 185
sun metaphor for, 297–98
rituals
and the Day of the Lord, 302–4
purity of, 255
sacrifices, 48, 55, 59–61, 226. See also gifts
brought by priests, 228–29, 232
deceitful, 232–33, 235, 254–55
festivals and, 242
God demanding and refusing, 235–36
of Judah, 273–74
judgment and, 300–301
Samaria, 197
scribes, 215–16
scroll of remembrance, 295
secularization of modern churches, 237–38, 279–80
self-identification with God, 62
Serbia, 202
contemporary issues in, 186
Shittim, 137
Sidon, 22–23, 25, 119–20, 151, 198–99
destruction of, 138
slaves
contemporary examples of, 130–31
honor between masters and, 226–27
Israelites as, 100–101, 122, 128, 308
pornography and, 130
protection of, 275–76
slave traders as, 123–24
Solzhenitsyn, Alexandr, 128
Somalia, 202
sorcerers, 274–75
sovereignty of God, 87–88, 156
Spirit, outpouring of the, 100–101, 105–7
split personality disorder, 278
Students for a Democratic Society, 236
Sudan, 202
sun metaphor, 297–98
Swaggart, Jimmy, 168
talion law, 183–84
Tamar, 276
teaching tools from the Bible, 63–64, 248–49
teleology, 306
terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, 64 , 65
theology
in Joel, 28–30
in Obadiah, 156–57
Tilton, Robert, 290
tithes, 284–85
Tolkein, J. R. R., 77
treaties, covenants as, 247–48
Tyre, 22–23, 25, 119–20, 151, 199
destruction of, 138
Valley of Decision, 134–36
Valley of Jehoshaphat, 116, 118, 135
Verhoef, P., 208
wars
advantages of Edom in, 164–65
and calls to battle, 124–26, 128–29, 134–36, 152–53
destruction by, 48, 71–76, 105
and God as warrior, 166
modern holy, 131–32
psychological, 186–88
and war crime tribunals, 194
Wendland, E., 251
Wilder, Laura Ingalls, 65
William of Occam, 196
wine and alcohol, 43–46, 58–59, 96
contemporary use of, 62–63
restoration and, 136–37
used metaphorically, 190–91
Wolff, H. W., 120
women, marriage of, 46–47
worship
and ethical decision-making, 305–7
and the Great Commission, 305–6
modern, 278
remembering God in, 307–9
written communication, 165
Yahweh, meaning of, 37–38. See also God
Zion, God dwelling on, 135–36