Select Bibliography on Leviticus
Agnon, S. Days of Awe. New York: Schocken Books, 1948.
André, G., and H. Ringgren. “
.” TDOT, 5:330–42.
Auld, G. “Leviticus at the Heart of the Pentateuch?” Pp. 40–51 in Reading Leviticus: A Conversation with Mary Douglas. Ed. J. Sawyer. JSOTSup 227. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1996.
Bovati, P. Re-Establishing Justice: Legal Terms, Concepts and Procedures in the Hebrew Bible. JSOTSup 105. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1994.
Brichto, H. C. “On Slaughter and Sacrifice, Blood and Atonement.” HUCA 47 (1976): 19–55.
Budd, P. J. Leviticus. NCB. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1996.
Carmichael, C. “A Strange Sequence of Rules: Leviticus 19:20–26.” Pp. 182–205 in Reading Leviticus: A Conversation with Mary Douglas. Ed. J. Sawyer. JSOTSup 227. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1996.
———. “The Sabbatical/Jubilee Cycle and the Seven-Year Famine in Egypt.” Bib 80 (1999): 224–39.
Cole, R. “The Sacred Times Prescribed in the Pentateuch: Old Testament Indicators of the Extent of their Applicability.” Ph.D. diss., Andrews University, 1996.
Crüsemann, F. The Torah: Theology and Social History of Old Testament Law. Translated by A. W. Mahnke. Minneapolis: Fortress, 1996.
Damrosch, D. “Leviticus.” Pp. 66–77 in The Literary Guide to the Bible. Ed. R. Alter and F. Kermode. Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap, 1987.
Daube, D. Studies in Biblical Law. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1947.
Davidson, R. M. Typology in Scripture: A Study of Hermeneutical τύπος Structures. AUSDDS 2. Berrien Springs, Mich.: Andrews Univ. Press, 1981.
———. Flame of Yahweh: A Theology of Sexuality in the Old Testament. Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson, forthcoming.
Davies, D. “An Interpretation of Sacrifice in Leviticus.” ZAW 89 (1977): 387–99.
De Young, J. B. Homosexuality: Contemporary Claims Examined in Light of the Bible and Other Ancient Literature and Law. Grand Rapids: Kregel, 2000.
Douglas, M. “Poetic Structure in Leviticus.” Pp. 239–56 in Pomegranates and Golden Bells: Studies in Biblical, Jewish, and Near Eastern Ritual, Law, and Literature in Honor of Jacob Milgrom. Ed. D. P. Wright, D. N. Freedman, and A. Hurvitz. Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns, 1995.
———. Purity and Danger: An Analysis of Concepts of Pollution and Taboo. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1966.
———. Leviticus As Literature. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press, 1999.
———. “The Eucharist: Its Continuity with the Bread Sacrifice of Leviticus.” MT 15 (1999): 209–24.
Driver, S. R. “Propitiation.” Pp. 128–32 in A Dictionary of the Bible, vol.4. Ed. J. Hastings. New York: Scribners, 1911.
Feinberg, C. “The Scapegoat of Leviticus Sixteen.” BSac 115 (1958): 320–33.
Firmage, E. “The Biblical Dietary Laws and the Concept of Holiness.” Pp. 177–208 in Studies in the Pentateuch. Ed. J. A. Emerton. VTSup 41. Leiden: Brill, 1990.
———. “Zoology.” ABD, 6:1109–67.
Friedman, R. E. Commentary on the Torah. New York: HarperSanFrancisco, 2001.
Frymer-Kensky, T. “Pollution, Purification, and Purgation in Biblical Israel.” Pp. 399–414 in The Word of the Lord Shall Go Forth. Ed. C. Meyers and M. O’Connor. Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns, 1983.
Gagnon, R. A. The Bible and Homosexual Practice: Texts and Hermeneutics. Nashville: Abingdon, 2001.
Gane, R. “‘Bread of the Presence’ and Creator-in-Residence.” VT 42 (1992): 179–203.
———. Altar Call. Berrien Springs, Mich.: Diadem, 1999.
———. “Leviticus, Book of.” 2:54–9 in Dictionary of Biblical Interpretation. Ed. J. H. Hayes. Nashville: Abingdon, 1999.
———. Ritual Dynamic Structure. Piscataway, N.J.: Gorgias, forthcoming.
———. Cult and Character: Purification Offerings, Day of Atonement, and Theodicy. Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns, forthcoming.
Gaster, T. Festivals of the Jewish Year. New York: Sloane, 1952.
Geller, S. A. “Blood Cult: Toward a Literary Theology of the Priestly Work of the Pentateuch.” Prooftexts 12 (1992): 97–124.
Gerstenberger, E. Leviticus: A Commentary. Translated by D. Stott. OTL. Louisville, Ky.: Westminster John Knox, 1996.
Ginsburg, C. D., and C. J. Ellicott, ed. Leviticus. LHC. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1961.
Gorman, F. H. The Ideology of Ritual: Space, Time and Status in the Priestly Theology. JSOTSup 91. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1990.
———. “Priestly Rituals of Founding: Time, Space, and Status.” Pp. 47–64 in History and Interpretation: Essays in Honour of John H. Hayes. Ed. M. P. Graham, W. P. Brown, and J. K. Kuan. JSOTSup 173. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1993.
———. Divine Presence and Community: A Commentary on the Book of Leviticus. ITC. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1997.
Gottwald, N. “The Biblical Jubilee: In Whose Interests?” Pp. 33–40 in The Jubilee Challenge: Utopia or Possibility? Ed. H. Ucko. Geneva: World Council of Churches, 1997.
Grabbe, L. “The Scapegoat Tradition: A Study in Early Jewish Interpretation.” JSJ 18 (1987): 152–67.
———. Leviticus. OTG. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1993.
Gray, G. B. Sacrifice in the Old Testament: Its Theory and Practice. Oxford: Clarendon, 1925.
Greenberg, M. “Some Postulates of Biblical Criminal Law.” Pp. 5–28 in Yehezkel Kaufmann Jubilee Volume. Ed. M. Haran. Jerusalem: Magnes, 1960.
———. “More Reflections on Biblical Criminal Law.” Pp. 1–17 in Studies in Bible. Ed. S. Japhet. ScrHier 31. Jerusalem: Magnes, 1986.
Grintz, J. “Do Not Eat the Blood.” ASTI 8 (1972): 78–105.
Gruber, M. “Women in the Cult According to the Priestly Code.” Pp. 35–48 in Judaic Perspectives on Ancient Israel. Ed. J. Neusner, B. Levine, and E. Frerichs. Philadelphia: Fortress, 1987.
Haran, M. Temples and Temple-Service in Ancient Israel. Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns, 1985.
Harrington, H. The Impurity Systems of Qumran and the Rabbis: Biblical Foundations. SBLDS 143. Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1993.
Harris, L. “
.” TWOT, 1:452–53.
Harrison, R. K. Leviticus: An Introduction and Commentary. TOTC. Downers Grove, Ill.: InterVarsity Press, 1980.
Hartley, J. Leviticus. WBC 4. Dallas: Word, 1992.
Heschel, A. The Sabbath: Its Meaning for Modern Man. New York: Farrar, Straus & Young, 1951.
Hildenbrand, M. “Structure and Theology in the Holiness Code.” Ph.D. diss., University of California, Berkeley, 1998.
Hoffner, H. “Second Millennium Antecedents to the Hebrew ʾob.” JBL 86 (1967): 385–401.
———. “Incest, Sodomy and Bestiality in the Ancient Near East.” Pp. 81–90 in Orient and Occident. Ed. H. Hoffner. AOAT 22. Kevelaer/NeukirchenVluyn: Butzon & Bercker/Neukirchener, 1973.
Holmgren, F. “The Way of Torah: Escape from Egypt (Leviticus 19:1–37).” Pp. 117–28 in Preaching Biblical Texts: Expositions by Jewish and Christian Scholars. Ed. F. C. Holmgren and H. E. Schaalman. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1995.
Houston, W. “Contrast in Tense and Exegesis. The Case of the Field Vowed and Sold, Lev. XXVII 20.” VT 49 (1999): 416–20.
Hulse, E. V. “The Nature of Biblical ‘Leprosy’ and the Use of Alternative Medical Terms in Modern Translations of the Bible.” PEQ 107 (1975): 87–105.
Hurowitz, V. “Wish Upon a Stone: Discovering the Idolatry of the Even Maskit.” BRev 15 (October 1999): 30–33, 51.
Jackson, B. “Reflections on Biblical Criminal Law.” JJS 24 (1973): 8–38.
Jenson, P. P. Graded Holiness: A Key to the Priestly Conception of the World. JSOTSup 106. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1992.
Joosten, J. People and Land in the Holiness Code. VTSup 67. Leiden: Brill, 1996.
Kaiser, W. “Leviticus 18:5 and Paul: Do This and You Shall Live (Eternally?).” JETS 14 (1971): 19–28.
———. “The Book of Leviticus.” NIB, 1:985–1191.
Kalisch, M. M. A Historical and Critical Commentary on the Old Testament, with a New Translation: Leviticus. London: Longman, Green, Reader, & Dyer, 1867, 1872.
Karff, S. “Silence and Weeping Before the Song (Leviticus 10:1–20).” Pp. 105–16 in Preaching Biblical Texts: Expositions by Jewish and Christian Scholars. Ed. F. C. Holmgren and H. E. Schaalman. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1995.
Kaufmann, Y. The Religion of Israel. Translated and abridged by M. Greenberg. Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press, 1960.
Keil, C. F., and F. Delitzsch. Biblical Commentary on the Old Testament—Volume 2: The Pentateuch. Translated by J. Martin. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1952 (orig. 1874).
Kellogg, S. H. The Book of Leviticus. EB. New York: Funk & Wagnalls, 1900.
Kennedy, A. R. S., and J. Barr. “Sacrifice and Offering.” Pp. 868–76 in Dictionary of the Bible. Ed. J. Hastings. New York: Scribners, 1963.
Kiuchi, N. The Purification Offering in the Priestly Literature: Its Meaning and Function. JSOTSup 56. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1987.
Klingbeil, G. A. “Ritual Time in Leviticus 8 with Special Reference to the Seven Day Period in the Old Testament.” ZAW 109 (1997): 500–513.
Knierim, R. Text and Concept in Leviticus 1:1–9: A Case in Exegetical Method. FAT 2. Tübingen: Mohr, 1992.
———. “
; guilt.” TLOT, 1:191–95.
———. “
to be unfaithful.” TLOT, 2:680–82.
———. “
perversity.” TLOT, 2:864.
Knohl, I. The Sanctuary of Silence: The Priestly Torah and the Holiness School. Minneapolis: Fortress, 1995.
Koch, K. “
.” TDOT, 4:309–19.
———. “
.” TDOT, 10:546–62.
Kurtz, J. H. Sacrificial Worship of the Old Testament. Translated by J. Martin. Minneapolis: Klock & Klock, 1980 (repr. of 1863).
Lang, B. “
.” TDOT, 7:288–303.
Leach, E. “The Logic of Sacrifice.” Pp. 136–50 in Anthropological Approaches to the Old Testament. Ed. B. Lang. Philadelphia: Fortress, 1985.
Levine, B. “The Descriptive Tabernacle Texts of the Pentateuch.” JAOS 85 (1965): 307–18.
———. In the Presence of the Lord. SJLA 5. Leiden: Brill, 1974.
———. Leviticus. Ed. N. Sarna. JPSTC. Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society, 1989.
Lyonnet, S. and L. Sabourin. Sin, Redemption, and Sacrifice: A Biblical and Patristic Study. Rome: Biblical Institute Press, 1970.
Maccoby, H. Ritual and Morality: The Ritual Purity System and Its Place in Judaism. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1999.
Magonet, J. “‘But If It is a Girl She is Unclean for Twice Seven Days . . .’: The Riddle of Leviticus 12:5.” Pp. 144–52 in Reading Leviticus: A Conversation with Mary Douglas. Ed. J. Sawyer. JSOTSup 227. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1996.
Malino, J. “The Ashes of the Red Heifer: Religious Ceremonies and Obedience to Torah (Numbers 19:1–22).” Pp. 144–48 in Preaching Biblical Texts: Expositions by Jewish and Christian Scholars. Ed. F. C. Holmgren and H. E. Schaalman. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1995.
McCarthy, D. J. “Further Notes on the Symbolism of Blood and Sacrifice.” JBL 92 (1973): 205–10.
McLean, B. H. “The Interpretation of the Levitical Sin Offering and the Scapegoat.” SR 20 (1991): 345–56.
Meacham, T. “The Missing Daughter: Leviticus 18 and 20.” ZAW 109 (1997): 254–59.
Mendelsohn, I. Slavery in the Ancient Near East. New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1949.
Milgrom, J. Studies in Levitical Terminology, I: The Encroacher and the Levite; The Term ʿAboda. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1970.
———. Cult and Conscience: The Asham and the Priestly Doctrine of Repentance. SJLA 18. Leiden: Brill, 1976.
———. Studies in Cultic Theology and Terminology. Leiden: Brill, 1983.
———. Leviticus 1–16. AB 3. New York: Doubleday, 1991.
———. “The Rationale for Biblical Impurity.” JANES 22 (1993): 107–11.
———. “Does H Advocate the Centralization of Worship?” JSOT 88 (2000): 59–76.
———. “Impurity Is Miasma: A Response to Hyam Maccoby.” JBL 119 (2000): 729–33.
———. Leviticus 17–22. AB 3A. New York: Doubleday, 2000.
———. Leviticus 23–27. AB 3B. New York: Doubleday, 2001.
Miller, J. E. “Notes on Leviticus 18.” ZAW 112 (2000): 401–3.
Morris, L. The Apostolic Preaching of the Cross. Eerdmans: Grand Rapids, 1955.
Moskala, J. The Laws of Clean and Unclean Animals of Leviticus 11: Their Nature, Theology, and Rationale (an Intertextual Study). ATSDS 4. Berrien Springs, Mich.: Adventist Theological Society Publications, 2000.
Moyer, J. C. “Hittite and Israelite Cultic Practices: A Selected Comparison.” Pp. 19–38 in Scripture in Context II: More Essays on the Comparative Method. Ed. W. W. Hallo, J. C. Moyer, and L. G. Perdue. Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns, 1983.
Noordtzij, A. Leviticus. Translated by T. R. Togtman. BSC. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1982.
Otto, R. The Idea of the Holy. Translated by J. W. Harvey. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press, 1958.
Patrick, D. Old Testament Law. Atlanta: John Knox, 1985.
Péter-Contesse, R., and J. Ellington. A Handbook on Leviticus. UBSHS. New York: United Bible Societies, 1990.
Phillips, A. “The Undetectable Offender and the Priestly Legislators.” JTS 36 (1985): 146–50.
Porter, J. R. Leviticus. CBC. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1976.
Rainey, A. “The Order of Sacrifices in Old Testament Ritual Texts.” Bib 51 (1970): 485–98.
Rattray, S. “Marriage Rules, Kinship Terms and Family Structure in the Bible.” SBLSP 26 (1998): 537–44.
———. “The Biblical Measures of Capacity.” Pp. 890–901 in Leviticus 1–16. J. Milgrom. AB 3. New York: Doubleday, 1991.
Rendtorff, R. Leviticus. BKAT. 3 volumes. Neukirchen-Vluyn: Neukirchener, 1985–1992.
———. “Is It Possible to Read Leviticus As a Separate Book?” Pp. 22–35 in Reading Leviticus: A Conversation with Mary Douglas. Ed. J. Sawyer. JSOTSup 227. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1996.
Rodriguez, A. Substitution in the Hebrew Cultus. AUSDDS 3. Berrien Springs, Mich.: Andrews Univ. Press, 1979.
———. “Transfer of Sin in Leviticus.” Pp. 169–97 in The Seventy Weeks, Leviticus, and the Nature of Prophecy. Ed. F. Holbrook. DARCOM 3. Washington, D.C.: Biblical Research Institute, 1986.
Rooker, M. F. Leviticus. NAC 3A. Nashville: Broadman & Holman, 2000.
Ross, A. P. Holiness to the Lord: A Guide to the Exposition of the Book of Leviticus. Grand Rapids: Baker, 2002.
Sawyer, J., ed. Reading Leviticus: A Conversation with Mary Douglas. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1996.
Schenker, A. “The Biblical Legislation on the Release of Slaves: The Road from Exodus to Leviticus.” JSOT 78 (1998): 23–41.
Schwartz, B. “The Prohibitions Concerning the ‘Eating’ of Blood in Leviticus 17.” Pp. 34–66 in Priesthood and Cult in Ancient Israel. Ed. G. A. Anderson and S. M. Olyan. JSOTSup 125. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1991.
———. “The Bearing of Sin in the Priestly Literature.” Pp. 3–21 in Pomegranates and Golden Bells: Studies in Biblical, Jewish, and Near Eastern Ritual, Law, and Literature in Honor of Jacob Milgrom. Ed. D. P. Wright, D. N. Freedman, and A. Hurvitz. Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns, 1995.
Segal, P. “The Divine Verdict of Leviticus 10:3.” VT 39 (1989): 91–95.
Selman, M. J. “Sacrifice in the Ancient Near East.” Pp. 88–104 in Sacrifice in the Bible. Ed. R. Beckwith and M. Selman. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1995.
Shea, W. “Literary Form and Theological Function in Leviticus.” Pp. 131–68 in The Seventy Weeks, Leviticus, and the Nature of Prophecy. Ed. F. Holbrook. DARCOM 3. Washington, D.C.: Biblical Research Institute, 1986.
Sun, H. T. C. “An Investigation into the Compositional Integrity of the So-Called Holiness Code (Leviticus 17–26).” Ph.D. diss., Claremont Graduate School, 1990.
Tawil, H. “ʿAzazel, The Prince of the Steepe: A Comparative Study.” ZAW 92 (1980): 43–59.
Toorn, K. van der. Sin and Sanction in Israel and Mesopotamia. SSN 22. Assen: Van Gorcum, 1985.
———. “Form and Function of the New Year Festival in Babylonia and Israel.” Pp. 1–25 in Congress Volume: Leuven, 1989. Ed. J. A. Emerton. VTSup 43. Leiden: Brill, 1991.
Treiyer, A. The Day of Atonement and the Heavenly Judgment from the Pentateuch to Revelation. Siloam Springs, Ark.: Creation Enterprises International, 1992.
Vaux, R. de. Ancient Israel: Its Life and Institutions. Translated by J. McHugh. Grand Rapids/Livonia: Eerdmans/Dove, 1961.
Vriezen, T. “The Term Hizza: Lustration and Consecration.” OtSt 7 (1950): 201–35.
Walton, J. H. Ancient Israelite Literature in Its Cultural Context. LBI. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1989.
———. “Equilibrium and the Sacred Compass: The Structure of Leviticus.” BBR 11 (2001): 293–304.
Walton, J. H., V. H. Matthews, and M. W. Chavalas. The IVP Bible Background Commentary: Old Testament. Downers Grove, Ill.: InterVarsity Press, 2000.
Warburton, M. “Letting the Voice of Leviticus Speak.” STR 37 (1994): 163–70.
Warning, W. Literary Artistry in Leviticus. BIS. 35. Leiden: Brill, 1999.
Watts, J. W. Reading Law: The Rhetorical Shaping of the Pentateuch. BSem 59. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1999.
Weinfeld, M. “Social and Cultic Institutions in the Priestly Source Against Their Ancient Near Eastern Background.” Pp. 95–129 in Proceedings of the Eighth World Congress of Jewish Studies; Panel Sessions: Bible Studies and Hebrew Language. Jerusalem: World Union of Jewish Studies/Perry Foundation for Biblical Research, 1983.
———. Social Justice in Ancient Israel and in the Ancient Near East. Jerusalem/Minneapolis: Magnes/Fortress, 1995.
Wenham, G. The Book of Leviticus. NICOT. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1979.
———. “Why Does Sexual Intercourse Defile (Lev 15:18)?” ZAW 95 (1983): 432–34.
Westbrook, R. “Redemption of Land.” ILR 6 (1971): 367–75.
———. “Biblical and Cuneiform Law Codes.” RB 92 (1985): 247–64.
White, J. R., and J. D. Niell. The Same Sex Controversy: Defending and Clarifying the Bible’s Message About Homosexuality. Minneapolis: Bethany, 2002.
Wold, D. Out of Order: Homosexuality in the Bible and the Ancient Near East. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1998.
Wright, D. P. “The Gesture of Hand Placement in the Hebrew Bible and in Hittite Literature.” JAOS 106 (1986): 433–46.
———. The Disposal of Impurity: Elimination Rites in the Bible and in Hittite and Mesopotamian Literature. SBLDS 101. Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1987.
———. “The Spectrum of Priestly Impurity.” Pp. 150–81 in Priesthood and Cult in Ancient Israel. Ed. G. A. Anderson and S. M. Olyan. JSOTSup 125. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1991.
———. “Day of Atonement.” ABD, 2:72–76.
Yadin, Y., ed. The Temple Scroll. Jerusalem: The Israel Exploration Society, 1983.
Zohar, N. “Repentance and Purification: The Significance and Semantics of
in the Pentateuch.” JBL 107 (1988): 609–18.