Subject Index
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abstinence: issue of, 196, 199; kinds of, 155
Adam and Eve, allusions to, 99–102, 104
administration, gifts of, 118
adulterers, 64
alcohol, 288; addiction to, 119, 328; in the Christian’s life, 199. See also drinking, wine
Alexander, 21, 78–79, 81, 299, 303; the false prophet, 205
anastrophe, 166
angels, interest in, 321
Antioch, bishop of, 27
Anton, P., 19
Apollos, 301, 358–59
apostle: meaning of, 47–48; Paul as, 309
apostleship, of Paul, 48, 220–21, 309–10
apostolic delegate, 19, 23, 78
apostolic succession, 247
appearance: of Christ, 143, 212, 234, 286, 290, 336–38, 351; concern for women’s, 95–96; of the glory of God, 340–41; of God’s grace, 318, 336; of our Savior, 30; the word, 311. See also coming, Second Coming
Aristarchus, 297
Artemas, 358
ascension, 143
asceticism, 22, 58, 154, 156, 159
attitude: of a servant, 138; proper, 110
authority: of the apostles, 23; apostleship meant, 309; of the Bible, 253; Greek word for, 36, 341; idea of, 53; an important theme, 49; issue of, 344–46; the sender and his, 45; and women, 97–99, 105, 109–10; in the Word of God, 112, 319
authorship, of the Pastoral Letters, 24–28, 33–35, 106–8
background, 22, 104, 108, 175–76
baptism, 125, 352
Barnabas, 32, 136, 170–71
Bassler, Jouette M., 42
Berdot, D. N., 19
Bible: authority of the, 253; uniqueness of the, 283. See also Scripture, Word of God bibliography, 42
bishop, 31, 137; the term, 116
blaspheme, 34, 71, 79–80
boulomai, 92
brothers, the term, 157
Bruce, F. F., 266
calling: circumstances of any special, 215; to eternal life, 233; in the New Testament, 81; Timothy’s, 80, 209–11
Calvin, John, 43, 137
Carpus, 298
Catholic Church, 155, 162, 207
character: development of, 163; that God expects, 343; God’s gifts and, 229; importance of, 225; maintenance of, 209; morality and, 143; and older men and women, 327–28; of overseer, 118–20; traits of, 166; urged by Paul, 329–30; as a witness, 75. See also godliness, integrity charge, the word, 291
charis, 47
charisma, 167
Chester Beatty Papyrus, 27
childbirth, pain in, 101–3
children: respected by, 130; truths to, 333; who have been abused, 189
Christ: appearance of, 238; commitment to, 252; death of, 249; deity of, 30–31; doctrine of, 140–47; and God, 48; “promise of life” in, 225; reference to, 221–22; title, 72; those without, 90
church, the: ecclesiology of, 31, 126; establishment of, 126; growth in, 61; in history, 303–4; leadership in, 320; missionary task of, 30; models of service in, 135; relationships in, 174; role of, 229; sin and purity in, 195–96, 274
circumcision group, 316–17
Claudia, 302
Clement, 27
coming, of Christ, 149, 336–38. See also appearance, Second Coming command: of God, 45–46; false teachers, 52; Paul functioned under, 48;
to refer to the law, 55; teaching of, 164; Timothy is to, 220; vocabulary of, 36; what to, 77
communion, 125, 169
confession: of faith, 215–17; Timothy’s good, 210
conscience, 38; is a God-given ability, 59; that produce love, 78; word for, 56–58
consecration, by the Word of God, 152, 154
contentment, and true godliness, 204–7
context, importance of, 105
contextualization, 319
controversies, 54–55, 58; final words about, 353; handling, 260–63; obsession with, 204
conversion, 349
Conzelmann, Hans, 42
creation, God’s, 107, 155
creed, reliability of the, 141–42
Crescens, 302
Crete, 20–21, 23–24, 33, 312; the church on, 314–15; society of, 318; Titus at, 309
crown, idea of, 289–90
cultural background, 108. See also background culture, interpreting Scripture by, 107
Cynic philosophers, 28
Dalmatia, 20, 24
date, matter of, 33
deacons: dignity of, 34; qualifications of, 132–39; and their wives, 329
Dead Sea Scrolls, 54
death: destruction of, 239; facing, 306
deconstruction, process of, 82
defection, among leaders, 200
deity, of Christ, 30–31
Demas, 297, 302
diakonos, 32, 71, 133, 135
Dibelius, Martin, 42
disciple, called as, 46
discipline, in the church, 323
discipling, 229, 253–55
divorce: and children, 189; factors in, 323; increase in the Roman empire, 181; remarriage after, 128–29; suffered through, 228
doctrine: and behavior, 143; blended with holy living, 37; called “sound,” 65–67; in connection with deacons, 133; and life, 161, 169; is not sound, 61; into practice, 185–86; of Scripture, 242; of succession, 247. See also instruction, sound doctrine, sound teaching, teaching
Donelson, L. R., 43
doxology, 35, 73–74, 76, 212–13, 217–18, 300
drinking: dangers of excess, 196, 199; moderation in, 133. See also abstinence, alcohol, wine
ecclesiastical background, 104. See also background
ecclesiology, 31–33, 126. See also church, deacons, elders, leadership, overseers
education, modes of, 342
eirene, 47
elderly, 333; feel unable to manage, 190; needs of, 185–90; respect for, 198; support groups for the, 189
elders: able to teach, 127, 130–31; accused of sinning, 193; character of, 121, 320, 324; definition of, 121; and divorce, 129; at Ephesus, 115–31, 193; honoring, 194–95; need for, 311; and overseer, 31–32; overseer is synonymous with, 117; pastoral ministry of, 125; requirements for, 312–14; that were women, 123. See also overseer
Ellicott, Charles J., 43
encouragement, 166
Ephesus, 21–24; church at, 115
Epictetus, 28
epiphaneia, 30, 212, 290
epiphany, 30, 212, 290. See also appearance, coming, Second Coming episkopos, 32, 116–17, 313
epitage, 45, 211, 342
Erastus, 301–2
error: corrected with truth, 169; extricating people from, 219; identifying, 60; persuading people of, 154
eschatology, 152–54, 259
ethical teaching, of the Pastoral Letters, 24–28, 33–34, 106–8
ethics, theology and, 29
Eubulus, 302
Eucharist, 125, 169
eusebeia, 28, 209
evangelicals, 242, 253
evangelism, 254, 332; basic task of, 294
exousia, 36
faith: application of, 242; battle of, 215; and behavior, 59; and knowledge, 311; and love, 72; as a virtue, 209; pursuit of, 217; rejection of, 55; as sincere, 57–58; themes of, 29; of Timothy, 222–23; the word, 35, 261
faithfulness, importance of, 251–52
false doctrines, 21–23, 60; Paul’s concern for, 205. See also false teaching, heresy false teachers: activities of, 258; battle with, 33; command to, 77–78; at Crete, 315–17; dealing with, 140, 218–19; description of, 36, 202–3, 272; gentle wooing of, 82; habits of, 120; introduced error, 74; mercenary motives of, 216; penetration of the Christian church, 274; problem of, 115; women to avoid, 103. See also heretics false teaching: alarm against, 220; arises from disbelief, 55; going to address, 45; by immoral persons, 52–57; in the later times, 152–53; on the resurrection, 150. See also false doctrine, heresy
family, the widow’s, 178, 184–87
Fee, Gordon, 42, 246, 350, 358
fight: command to, 215; the good fight, 28; may well begin, 217; refers to an athletic contest, 209
food, God’s gift of, 150–52, 154
forgiveness, a condition, 184
fundamentalism, 266
fundamentalists, the term, 242
Gamaliel, 57
genealogies, 54, 60, 316. See also myths
Gentiles: apostle to the, 71; faith to the, 29; morals of, 58; state of, 239
gentleness: idea of, 261, 265; to pursue, 217; word for, 209
gift: of an evangelist, 294; Timothy’s 167–72, 224, 226–27
gifts: distributing, 126; list of, 135; receiving God’s, 154
Gnosticism, 22, 54, 150, 154, 156, 259
God: faithfulness of, 250; and Jesus, 45; as Savior, 29, 45, 48, 341, 351–52
goddess cult, at Ephesus, 22
godliness: with contentment, 204–7, 218; contrasted to false teachers, 202–3; form of, 271, 274; ideas of, 28; lifestyle of, 161; mystery of, 140–41; not passive, 162; with proper doctrine, 168–69; pursuit of, 217; training in, 158–59; and truth, 310; the word for, 209. See also integrity
godly living, 37
good conscience, 38, 56–58
good deeds, of women, 37
good works: expected, 325; and the gospel, 330; known for her, 182; must be done, 213; in our neighborhoods, 356. See also good deeds
gospel, the: for all people, 89–90; being proclaimed, 234–35; communication of, 243; entrusted to Paul, 65; focus on, 246; going forward in, 86; and good works, 330; passion for, 84; of Paul, 251; preached another, 53; progress of, 345; reality of, 37; and sound doctrine, 67; substitute for, 332; truth of, 68–69, 74–75
gossiping, 328
government entitlement programs, 190
grace: and God’s purposes, 238; now joins the mercy, 71–72; salvation by, 281, 338; the term, 50; word for, 47
greed, 203–4, 206, 216, 270, 273. See also money, wealth
grief, stages of, 190
Hanson, A. T., 43
hardship, words about, 246–50. See also persecution, suffering head-coverings, 107, 109, 113
headship, of Christ, 107
healing: centers of, 189; issue of, 303
Hellenistic literature, 28, 31
heresy: confronting, 59, 160; the gospel and, 69; seriousness of, 79. See also false doctrine, false teachings heretics: lifestyle of, 161; the term, 21–22. See also false teachers hermeneutics, 108
Hermongenes, 237
Hippolytus, on widows, 179
historical background, 21, 104. See also background
Holy Spirit: definite work of, 170; inspiration of, 69; Paul inspired by, 207; Paul conscious of, 148; power from, 224; producing holy people, 324; renewal by, 352
homemaker, the term, 328
homosexuals, 64
honor: concepts of, 176–77, 198; of elders, 194–95; of masters, 197; social elements of, 34; your father and mother, 187
hope: Christ our, 340; faith and knowledge rest on, 311; in the living God, 163; the word, 46
hospitable, 119
household: church as, 192; imagery of, 260, 264, 327; of Onesiphorus, 237; relationships as God’s, 140
household codes, 106, 330; in Titus, 348
household utensils, imagery of, 260, 264
Hui, Edwin, 303
Hymenaeus, 21–22, 36, 78–79, 81, 237, 258
hymnic form, of creed, 141, 143–44
hymnology, and Christology, 144–47
idolatry, 270
Ignatius, 137; on widows, 179
Incarnation, 141
inclusivism, true kind of, 89
indigenization, 319
inerrancy, 282–83
inspiration, meaning of, 281–82
instruction: concerning older men, 185; given, 84–85; Paul’s, 5, 77–78, 140, 359–60; represents the plural of logos, 203; about women, 97–114. See also command, teaching
integrity, 33; in contrast to, 58; of doctrine and life, 59; importance of, 36, 75; matter of, 56; Paul urges, 329–30. See also character, godliness
interpretation: influences on, 108; the need for careful, 103–4
Irenaeus, 27
Jannes and Jambres, 272, 274
Jesus, God and, 45. See also Christ
Judaism, eldership in, 32
judgment, 153; before the great white throne, 287; of conceit, 121
Justin Martyr, 27
Kelly, J. N. D., 43
Kidd, Reggie M., 43
kind wishes, 47
kindness, word for, 352
Knight, George W., 42–43, 66, 77, 165–66, 247, 277
knowledge, necessary fruit of, 342
later times, 148, 150, 152–54
law, 21, 55; in the Old Testament, 66–68; proper use of, 61; quarrels about, 54; summary of, 63
laying on of hands, 78, 224, 226–27; not to be hasty, 195–96; more than symbolic, 167–68; Timothy’s, 170–71
leadership: caring side of, 121; in the church, 322–24; and forgiveness, 184; great emphasis placed on, 31; models of, 136; and moral standards, 126–27; need for, 121–22; plurality of, 123–24, 126; position of, 117; as a servant, 137–38; spiritual gift of, 12; those who take, 118; with a corporate mentality, 124. See also deacons, ecclesiology, elders, overseers, pastors legalism, 68, 112
Lewis, C. S., 355
lifestyle evangelism, 332
Linus, 302
literary style, 26–27
Lock, Walter, 43
Lois and Eunice, 46, 225, 279
Love INC, 138
love: faith and, 72; fulfillment of the law, 55, 57–58; linked with faith, 209; greatest commandment, 63; pursuit of, 217
Luke: advisors such as, 33; as amanuensis, 25–26; influence by, 65; as Paul’s sole companion, 297
Lystra, 32
Macedonia, 24
manage, the word, 188
Marcion, 27
Mark, wanted by Paul, 297
marriage, 151–52
Marshall, I. Howard, 43
Mealand, D. L., 27
men, attitude and behavior of, 92–93, 329, 334
mentoring, 229, 253–55
mercy, 47; to Paul, 72–73; the term, 51
ministry: duties of, 294–95; kinds of, 71; of women, 108, 123
Mishnah, 48
missionaries, 331
modesty, 96, 111, 114
money: and deacons, 133; love of, 120, 205–6, 218, 270, 273; and preachers, 200; topic of, 176; way to make, 204. See also greed, wealth
morality: and character, 143; standards of, 33–34; and values, 58, 62
Moule, C. F. D., 44
Muratorian Canon, 27
Music, traditional and contemporary, 146–47
mystery: of godliness, 140–41; regarding the union, 239
myths, 54, 60, 158, 161, 272, 288, 316
New Age teachings, 155
Nicopolis, Paul at, 24; Titus to visit, 20
office, 116–17; of widows, 179–81; word for, 33
Old Testament law, 66–68, 74. See also law
older men and women, 327–28, 332–33
Onesiphorus: example of, 243; household of, 301–2, 306; kindness of, 236–38; not ashamed, 240
ordination: act of, 226; call this action an, 167–68, 170; kind of, 180; and spiritual gift, 171–72; usually includes a charge, 291
orphans, need help, 189
outline, of 1 Timothy, 39; of 2 Timothy, 40; of Titus, 41
over-realized eschatology, 21–22
overseer: and elders, 31–32, 313; to guide and to care, 120–21; moral requirements for, 118; must be above reproach, 115–31, 193; “noble task” of, 330; as pastors, 124; public behavior of, 127; synonymous with elder, 117, 313. See also elders
paganism, deficiencies of, 106
parakaleo, 52
parangello, 53, 77, 164, 211, 213
parenting, 187, 225, 228
parousia, 30
Pastoral Letters: authorship of, 24–28, 33–35, 53, 106–8; characteristics of, 35–38; major theme in, 58; nature of, 19
pastors: call of, 117, 124; salary of, 293
Paul: apostleship of, 45, 48, 91, 220–21; assumes the writer is, 140; God’s gracious commission to, 70–75; human side of, 243; in prison, 239–40; relationship of, 20–28, 46–47; as a servant, 135, 288; suffering of, 225, 277–79
peace: the term, 47, 51; pursuit of, 217
Peregrinus, 205
persecution, throughout the world, 241. See also suffering
Philetus, 21–22, 36, 258
Philo, 54
Phygelus, 237
physical exercise, 158
pistos, 250
plural leadership, 126
pluralism, 155, 242, 321; Christian witness and, 89; nature of, 81; terms like, 62
Polycarp, 26
porneia, 64
postmodernism, 81–82, 155, 242
prayer, 216–17; basis for, 87; consecrated by, 152, 154, 199; devote oneself to, 178; and the elderly, 333; for everyone, 86; manner of, 92–93; necessity of, 230; place of, 29; repetition of, 237; for rulers, 84–85, 88, 91
preaching, 166; commentaries useful for, 42; duties of ministry, 169; exposition of Scripture, 284; requires awareness of the audience, 335; of the Word, 290–93
presbyteroi, 31–32, 174, 194
presbyters, 137
Prior, Michael, 44
Priscilla and Aquila, 300–302
prisoners, on behalf of, 241
prophecies: teaching about, 170; about Timothy, 77–78, 81; sold, 205
prophetic message, that the gift was given, 167
prostasia, 180
Protestant evangelicals, 162, 242, 253
pseudepigraphic writings, 27
public behavior, related to, 105–6. See also testimony, witness
Pudens, 302
pure heart, 38
quarrels: arguments and, 54; Paul cautions Timothy against, 166; spawned by false teachers, 329; warning against, 258, 261–66; about words, 204
quietness, attitude of, 97
ransom, gave himself as a, 87–88, 91
recognition, of every person, 305
relationship: in Christian family, 174; a Christian’s, 184; with other Christians, 244; with God, 264, 339; as God’s household, 140; with other people, 339; refrain from improper, 188; shame and honor in, 198; of slaves and masters, 197–98, 201; of Timothy and Titus to Paul, 20–28, 46–47
relativism, addressing, 62
religious background, 22. See also background remarriage, 119, 323; ideal of no, 182–85; matter of, 128; younger widows and, 188
repentance, 90; arguments could not produce, 261–62
reputation, 182; of the church, 200; with outsiders, 121. See also public behavior, testimony, witness respect: honor or, 177; slaves should give, 197–98, 201. See also honor respectable, 119
resurrection, 142; has already taken place, 150, 258–59
revealed, 234
righteousness: described by the word “upright”, 209; of Paul, 290; to pursue, 217
Rulers, prayer for, 84–85, 88, 91
salary, of a pastor, 199–200, 293
salutation, in a letter, 45–46
salvation, 234; condition of women’s, 103; by grace, 238, 281; God gives, 72; is the active work of God, 86–87, 90; key to, 37; that which brings, 336–38; the word, 46
Satan: can take advantage of, 184; deceived by, 350; deceives nations, 155; hand someone over to, 79; lurking danger of, 121
save: appears several times, 233; startling use of, 37; the word, 46; the meaning of, 101–3
Savior: God and, 341, 351–52; God as, 29; God our, 45–46, 48; the usage of, 160
Scott, E. F., 43
Scripture: application of, 346–47; exposition of, 284; importance of, 279–81; interpretations of, 104, 107; orthodox understanding of, 282–83; prophecy in, 170; “public reading of,” 169; Timothy had known, 46; use of, 166–67. See also Bible, Word of God seal, the term, 259
Second Coming, of Christ, 30. See also appearing, coming, epiphany
self-control, 119, 162, 328
senior citizen, the term, 189–90
servant leadership, 137–38
servant, Paul as, 309
service, kinds of, 71
Shakers, 155
shame: ancient concept of, 176; concepts of, 198; in Middle Eastern culture, 239; no cause for, 233; social elements of, 34; in the Western world, 240–41
sin: elders accused of, 193, 195; of the false teachers, 219; instructions about, 195–96; law to point out, 67; recognition of, 335
Skeat, T. C., 298
slaves: and masters, 197, 201, 335; instructions to, 329; respect for, 37; subjection of, 330
social background, 22, 104, 175–76
society: degenerating, 273–76; and ethical standards, 335
sound doctrine: in accord with, 326; that conforms to, 67; contrary to, 65–66; encourage by, 341; and godly living, 78, 165, 202, 281, 354; and moral character, 330; theme of, 29, 35. See also instruction, sound teaching
sound teaching, 36–37, 203; entrusted to Timothy, 214; holding a pattern of, 242–43; keeping pattern of, 236; occurs only in, 65; transmission of, 251. See also instruction, sound doctrine
sound, or healthy, 65–67, 203
Spain, 24
speculation, 54–55, 74
spiritual formation, 162–63
spiritual gifts, 126, 167–68, 171–72; listing of, 118; Timothy’s, 224, 226–27
spiritual pride, 22
spirituality: and the elderly, 333–34; is a matter of, 324; what constitutes, 216–17
St. James Society, 138
Stott, John, 42, 165
stylistic differences, 26–27
succession, doctrine of, 247
suffering: part of present-day life, 235; of Paul, 225, 277–79; theme of, 232–33
Swartley, Willard M., 330
teach: meaning of, 97–99; Titus is to, 341; the word, 326. See also command teachers of the law, 56
teaching: commentaries useful for, 42; life-supporting role of, 157; the truth, 120; of two heretics, 21; the word for, 278. See also doctrine, instruction, sound doctrine, sound teaching
technology, age of, 162–63
temperate, the word, 119
Ten Commandments, 64, 178
Tertullian, 27
testimony: of contentment, 206; in our ministry, 75–76; in 1 Timothy, 35; of Paul, 79; in the world, 111. See also public behavior, reputation, witness
thanksgiving, 152
theology, and ethics, 29
“these things,” not defined, 164
timao, 177
time, the word, 287
timidity, Timothy’s problem of, 223, 227, 238
Timothy: age of, 165; calling of, 52, 280, 309–11; character of, 245–46; charge to, 286–87; embarrassment to, 239–40; as Paul’s “dear son,” 46, 222; gift of, 224, 226; laying of hands on, 167–71; mission of, 50; problem of, 223, 227; received spiritual gift, 167–70; received nourishment, 157; personal word to, 214–15; the relationship of, 20–28, 46–47; and timidity, 223, 227, 238; urging of, 77–78
Titus: instruction of, 329; introduction to, 309; left on Crete, 312; Paul’s letter to, 309; the relationship of, 20–28, 46–47
Torah, the, 66
Towner, Philip H., 37, 44
train, the word, 328
training, for life, 339
Trinity, illustration of, 48
Trophimus, 301–3, 306
true, word for, 46
trust, idea of, 75
trustworthy saying, 35, 72, 115, 58–59, 249, 251
truth: blinding people to, 154; distinguishing, 68–69; handling of, 258; grasping of, 87; knowledge of, 221, 310; nothing has, 82; in a pluralistic society, 321; standard of, 67; themes of, 29
Tychicus, 297–98, 302, 358
universalism, 89, 160
univira, 118, 181–82
urge: the verb, 52; the word, 174
values, terms like, 62
virtues, list of, 348
waiting, for mercy of God, 340
wealth: arrogance and, 273; Christians and, 216, 218; and contentment, 204; subject of, 213. See also greed, money widows: caring for, 37, 174–84; family members of, 178, 184–88; judgment of, 183; needs of, 185–87; office of, 179–81; in Western society today, 188–92
Wilkes, A. Paget, 319
wine, addicted to much, 119. See also alcohol, drinking
Winter, Ralph, 345
witness, 182; character as, 75–76; and pluralism, 89. See also public behavior, reputation, testimony
women elders, 123
women: attitude and behavior of, 93–96; as deacons, 134; to learn, 105, 157; ministry of, 108, 123; place of, 331; and respect, 185; special instruction about, 97–114; teaching or having authority, 109–13; victimization of, 22, 271–72, 276; and widows, 187. See also young women
Word of God: applied meaningfully, 319; authority of, 112; consecrated by, 152, 154, 199; exposition of, 170; ministry of, 291; obedience of, 283; Paul’s writings as, 207. See also Bible, Scripture
workman, word for, 257–58
worship, doxology and, 217–18
young men, 329, 334
young women, 328–29, 334
Young, Frances, 44
Zenas, 358–59
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