Illustration Credits

Unless otherwise indicated, photos, illustrations, and maps are copyright © Baker Photo Archive.

Additional Baker Photo Archive Permissions

Photos on pages 7, 153, 487, and 1224 are copyright © Baker Photo Archive. Courtesy of the Vatican Museum.

Photos on pages 9, 10, 51, 91, 146, 195, 201, 214, 217, 221, 300, 345, 348, 354, 372, 398, 404, 415, 419, 424, 440, 446, 449, 457, 477, 479, 501, 503, 509, 533, 545, 548, 551, 558, 562, 585, 589, 623, 640, 644, 645, 650, 669, 700, 703, 706, 722, 726, 733, 741, 746, 749, 753, 761, 764, 786, 789, 790, 814, 817, 852, 858, 864, 876, 878, 881, 884, 908, 911, 915, 921, 1268, 1427, 1524, 1529, and 1610 are copyright © Baker Photo Archive. Courtesy of the British Museum.

Photos on pages 54, 66, 207, 334, 451, and 636 are copyright © Baker Photo Archive. Courtesy of the Cairo Museum.

Photos on pages 71, 258, 359, 528, 536, 611, 620, 783, 806, 852, 944, 1091, 1209, 1467, and 1471 are copyright © Baker Photo Archive. Courtesy of the Istanbul Archaeological Museum.

Photos on pages 93, 107, 115, 160, 445, 494, 507, 542, 566, 648, 662, 678, 693, 710, 716, and 827 are copyright © Baker Photo Archive. Courtesy of the Oriental Institute Museum, University of Chicago.

Photo on page 111 is copyright © Baker Photo Archive. Courtesy of the Art Institute of Chicago.

Photos on pages 136–37, 377, 796, 833, 986, and 1538 are copyright © Baker Photo Archive. Courtesy of the Eretz Israel Museum.

Photos on pages 159, 166, 256, 274, 341, 383, 397, 454, 523, 594, 736, 783, 792, 801, 836, 882, 892, 934, 973, 1283, 1446, and 1558 are copyright © Baker Photo Archive. Musée du Louvre; Autorisation de photographer et de filmer—LOUVRE, Paris, France.

Photo on page 186 is copyright © Baker Photo Archive. Courtesy of the Elephantine Museum.

Photo on page 463 is copyright © Baker Photo Archive. Courtesy of the Museum of Anatolian Civilizations, Ankara.

Photos on pages 618, 627, 696, 730–31, 734, and 822 are copyright © Baker Photo Archive. Courtesy of the Pergamon Museum, Berlin.

Photo on page 1353 is copyright © Baker Photo Archive. Courtesy of the Bode Museum, Berlin.

Photo on page 916 is copyright © Baker Photo Archive. Courtesy of the Skirball Museum, Hebrew Union College–Jewish Institute of Religion, Jerusalem.

Photos on pages 951, 1008, 1057, 1111, and 1541 are copyright © Baker Photo Archive. Courtesy of the Antalya Museum, Turkey.v

Photo on page 1020 is copyright © Baker Photo Archive. Courtesy of the Yigal Allon Museum, Kibbutz Ginosar, Israel.

Photos on pages 902, 1043, 1165, 1178, and 1494 are copyright © Baker Photo Archive. Courtesy of the Holyland Hotel, Jerusalem, 2001. Reproduction of the City of Jerusalem at the time of the Second Temple presently located at the Israel Museum, Jerusalem.

Photo on page 1104 is copyright © Baker Photo Archive. Courtesy of the Masada Museum.

Photo on page 1233 is copyright © Baker Photo Archive. Courtesy of the Italian Ministry of Antiquities. On licence Ministero per I Beni e le Attivita Culturali—Soprintendenza Archaeologica di Roma, Rome, Italy.

Photo on page 1238 is copyright © Baker Photo Archive. Courtesy of the Palatine Museum (Museo Palatino).

Photos on pages 1291, 1299, and 1613 are copyright © Baker Photo Archive. Courtesy of the Archaeological Museum of Ancient Corinth.

Photos on pages 1359 and 1573 are copyright © Baker Photo Archive. Courtesy of the Ephesus Museum.

Photo on page 1390 is copyright © Baker Photo Archive. Courtesy of the Delphi Archaeological Museum.

Photos on pages 1413, 1432, 1451, 1484, and 1487 are copyright © Baker Photo Archive. Courtesy of the Archaeology Museum of Thessaloniki.

Photos on pages 1551 and 1555 are copyright © Baker Photo Archive. Courtesy of the Jordan Archaeological Museum, Amman.

Photo on page 1603 is copyright © Baker Photo Archive. Courtesy of the museum at Sepphoris.

Additional Image Permissions

Photo on page 3 is copyright © Ijon / Wikimedia. CC-by-sa-3.0.

Photos on pages 13, 98, 164, 246, 495, 571, 577, 580, 861, 955, 1287, 1303, 1311, and 1335 are copyright © Marie-Lan Nguyen / Wikimedia. Courtesy of the Louvre.

Photo on page 14 is copyright © Verity Cridland. CC-by-2.0.

Photos on pages 17, 43, and 433 are copyright © the Schøyen Collection. Oslo and London. MSS 206 (p. 433), 2855 (p. 17), and 3025 (p. 43). 

Photo on page 19 is copyright © Bouarf / Wikimedia. CC-by-sa-3.0.

Photo on page 22 is copyright © Michael Lubinski / Wikimedia. CC-by-sa-2.0.

Photo on page 27 is copyright © Lasse Jensen / Wikimedia. CC-by-2.5.

Photos on pages 57, 268, 757, and 768 are copyright © Rémih / Wikimedia. CC-by-sa-2.5, 3.0.

Photos on pages 82, 117, 125, 259, 320, 592, 630, 809, 1132, and 1212 are copyright © Dr. James C. Martin. The Israel Museum, Jerusalem. Courtesy of the Israel Antiquities Authority.

Photos on pages 84, 184, 712, 1054, 1107, 1163, 1260, 1279, 1295, 1388, and 1418 are copyright © Kim Walton.

Photo on page 120 is copyright © Constance Gane.

Photos on pages 123, 169, 470, 608, 614, 628, 820, 984, 1116, 1167, 1173, 1407, and 1582 are copyright © The Yorck Project / Wikimedia.

Photo on page 151 is copyright © Kim Walton. Courtesy of the Oriental Institute Museum, University of Chicago.

Photo on page 234 is copyright © Kim Walton. Courtesy of the Eretz Israel Museum.

Photos on pages 248 and 574 are copyright © Horus3. CC-by-sa-2.0.

Photo on page 271 is copyright © David Bivin / LifeintheHolyLand.com.

Photos on pages 288, 632, and 898–99 are copyright © Kim Walton. Courtesy of the British Museum.

Photo on page 326 is copyright © Bertramz / Wikimedia. CC-by-sa-3.0.

Images and photos on pages 357, 483, 690, 850, 855, 907, 947, 1065, 1119, 1368, and 1505 are copyright © Zev Radovan / www.BibleLandPictures.com.

Photos on pages 407, 465, and 682 are copyright © Rama / Wikimedia. CC-by-sa-2.0. Courtesy of the Louvre.

Photos on pages 411 and 442–43 are copyright © Ivan Mlinaric. CC-by-2.0.

Photo on page 428 is copyright © Jean Housen / Wikimedia. CC-by-3.0.

Photo on page 441 is copyright © Gino­lerhino / Wikimedia. CC-by-sa-2.5.

Photo on page 517 is copyright © Jim Gordon. CC-by-2.0.

Photo on page 525 is copyright © Einsamer Schütze / Wikimedia. CC-by-sa-3.0. Courtesy of the Ägyptisches Museum, Leipzig.

Photos on pages 582 and 604 are copyright © Rob Koopman. CC-by-sa-2.0. Courtesy of the Dutch National Museum of Antiquities, Leiden.

Photo on page 625 is copyright © Fred J / Wikimedia. CC-by-sa-1.0.

Photo on page 719 is copyright © Jon Worth. CC-by-sa-2.0. Courtesy of the British Museum.

Photo on page 738 is copyright © Kim Walton. Courtesy of the Louvre.

Photo on page 743 is copyright © Eusebius / Wikimedia. CC-by-3.0.

Photo on page 771 is copyright © Captmondo / Wikimedia. CC-by-sa-3.0. Courtesy of the British Museum.

Photo on page 774 is copyright © Wolfgang Sauber / Wikimedia. CC-by-sa-3.0. Courtesy of the City Museum, Wels, Austria.

Photos on page 777 are copyright © Michel wal / Wikimedia, CC-by-sa-3.0, and Christina Hoberecht (inset). Courtesy of the Louvre.

Photo on page 825 is copyright © Almog / Wikimedia.

Photo on page 903 is copyright © Hansueli Krapf / Wikimedia. CC-by-sa-3.0.

Photo on page 924 is copyright © Kleuske / Wikimedia. CC-by-sa-3.0.

Photo on page 940 is copyright © Napishtim / Wikimedia. CC-by-sa-3.0.

Photo on page 1018 is copyright © John Walton.

Photos on pages 1082 and 1127 are copyright © Todd Bolen / www.BiblePlaces.com.

Photo on page 1098 is copyright © Avishai Teicher / Wikimedia.

Photo on page 1144 is copyright © Yair Karelic / www.yairkarelic.com.

Photo on page 1151 is copyright © George Kalantzis.

Photo on page 1171 is copyright © Adriatikus / Wikimedia. CC-by-sa-3.0.

Photo on page 1182 is copyright © Holly Hayes / Art History Images.

Photo on pages 1228–29 is copyright © Arnold Dekker / Wikimedia. CC-by-sa-3.0.

Photo on page 1243 is copyright © AJ Alfieri-Crispin. CC-by-sa-2.0.

Image on page 1247 is courtesy of Wikimedia / National Gallery of Art. CC-PD-Mark.

Photo on page 1272 is copyright © Patrick Denker / Wikimedia.

Photo on page 1293 appears courtesy of www.HolyLandPhotos.org.

Photo on page 1307 is copyright © Marie-Lan Nguyen / Wikimedia.

Photo on page 1323 is copyright © Kirill Azhitsky / Wikimedia. CC-by-2.0.

Photo on page 1325 is copyright © MM / Wikimedia.

Photo on page 1346 is copyright © Manfred Brueckels / Wikimedia. Courtesy of the Bode Museum, Berlin.

Photo on page 1348 is copyright © David Liam Moran / Wikimedia. CC-by-sa-3.0. Courtesy of the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

Photo on page 1422 is copyright © Marsyas / Wikimedia. CC-by-sa-3.0.

Photo on page 1436 is copyright © Matthias Kabel / Wikimedia. CC-by-sa-3.0. Courtesy of the Capitoline Museum, Rome.

Photo on page 1437 is copyright © Yair Haklai / Wikimedia. CC-by-sa-3.0. Courtesy of the Archaeology Museum of Thessaloniki.

Photo on page 1459 is copyright © Wolfgang Sauber / Wikimedia. CC-by-sa-3.0. Courtesy of the Getty Villa Malibu.

Photo on page 1475 is copyright © Marie-Lan Nguyen / Wikimedia. Courtesy of the National Museum of Rome–Palazzo Massimo alle Terme.

Photos on pages 1513 and 1607 are copyright © Bibi Saint-Pol / Wikimedia. Courtesy of the Glyptothek in Munich.

Photo on page 1545 is copyright © Giovanni Dall’Orto / Wikimedia. Courtesy of the National Archaeological Museum, Athens.

Photo on pages 1596–97 is copyright © Jan Mehlich / Wikimedia. CC-by-sa-3.0. Courtesy of the Pergamon Museum.

Photo on page 1622 is copyright © Sebastian Bergmann. CC-by-sa-2.0.

Photo on page 1625 is copyright © Kimon Berlin / Wikimedia. CC-by-sa-3.0. Courtesy of the Château d’Angers, France.